Nanoparticle Measuring Instrument Papers

Before aerosol particles smaller than 0.1 Micrometers (100 nm) were called Nanoparticles, they were called Condensation Nuclei.

The father of their accurate enumeration was John Aitken, hence they are sometimes referred to as Aitken Nuclei.

The most profound advances in the measurements of Nanoparticles was achieved at The School of Cosmic Physics, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies. Working from just before WW2 to his death in the 1960's Sr. Prof. L.W. Pollak developed the Pollak Condensation Nuclei Counter and the principle of Intrinsic Calibration. His work was published in two, now obscure reports which we here make available.

Geophysical Bulletin No. 16

Technical Note No. 9

It is pleasing to observe that this fundamental work was funded by the U.S. Air Force.